4-Step Buying Guide for Purchasing Your First Water ...

Adding the power and versatility of a water jet to your shop floor opens a whole new range of material processing opportunities. Deciding which tool to purchase requires a detailed evaluation of your options. It can be an especially daunting task for first-time water jet purchases. This 4-step buying guide is intended to help evaluate water jet cutting in your shop and hopefully guides you in your efforts.

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Step 1: Defining Your Water Jet Cutting Objectives

When it first dawned on you that adding a CNC Water Jet Cutter to your shop floor might add value, there was a reason &#; a gut feel. In Step One, it&#;s time to quantify that feeling.

Confirm that the Water Jet Cutting Method is the Best Cutting Solution

Some materials are just best cut with ultra-high-pressure water. Foam packaging, vinyl, acoustical panels, rubber, and textiles are all materials conducive to using water when cutting. It uses no heat, is fast, eliminates most of the setup time, can cut to required precision, and the user can choose a cutting envelope based on the raw material sheet size and add multiple heads for productivity.

Stone and Ceramics

Stone and ceramics are also materials where water jet cutting is the preferred cutting method. Granite countertops use abrasive water jet for contoured cuts and holes when straight cut saws are not an option. This is because Ceramics possess similar properties and ceramic pieces are often trimmed to size with abrasive water jets.

Specialty Alloys

Specialty alloys can be some of the toughest materials to cut due to their enhanced chemistry. Laser, plasma, and machining create heat, which can distort the metal&#;s properties and create a hardened area that requires a secondary machining operation. Water jet systems can cut through stainless plates nearly six inches thick, chew through dense aluminum blocks, and shape Inconel and titanium with ease.

Ferrous and Nonferrous Materials

Ferrous and nonferrous metals can be cut to a high precession level with a quality finish using water in combination with abrasives all without significant heat. Copper, brass, steel plates and all the other distributed metals you might need can be cut with water jet systems to near net shape often eliminating the need for additional machining. Many of these products come in sheet sizes where laser and plasma may be an alternative too. However, specialty tooling or other R&D projects may have irregular shapes that are best cut with abrasive water jet systems.

All of the Above

Cutting all of the above? A water jet cutter can be cutting rubber one day and a specialty alloy tomorrow with simple settings adjustments. Glass and composite materials are other materials where water jet systems shine &#; providing a vast range of material versatility versus competing methods.

Not sure if your material should be cut with water? If you have an unusual material and are not sure if it can be cut effectively and efficiently with water, you can request an Engineering Analysis from Jet Edge to confirm the process.

Confirm the Investment has the Potential to Grow Revenue and Improve Margins

If you increase the range of materials you are able to cut, does that result in a larger market opportunity with growth potential? By adding a water jet, can you add plant capacity that can be sold through? Can you move production in-house that is currently contracted out at higher margins and shorter lead times? Can you eliminate secondary operations like grinding or additional machining by cutting to a higher finish quality without heat? Quantifying the revenue growth opportunity and margin enhancement opportunity is an essential part of the Return-on-Investment analysis when considering purchasing a system.

State and Quantify your Production Goals

On-time, lowest possible cost, zero defect, and no accidents are production goals of world class companies. However, each may be weighted uniquely. For instance, if on-time and lowest costs are critical, water jet cutting systems can be configured with lights-out cutting to get higher machine utilization without an operator monitoring locally. By adding multiple heads and parts nesting, machine and labor productivity can be vastly improved while increasing throughput, reducing lead times, and amortizing fixed costs over more production hours. If you&#;re in the aerospace industry and demand perfect parts, integrated fixturing can be incorporated into a high-rail motion system and will cut Inconel, titanium, and other specialty alloys to a high precision with lower scrap rates.

Total cycle time of water jet systems also compares favorably to alternative production methods. Clearly stating your production goals and then quantifying them provides a base line to evaluate the contribution a water jet cutting system can make in your application. It can also help you compare systems and establish a capital budget that justifies the investment.

Step 1 Summary

Consider the materials you are currently cutting and identify those that might be options for water jet cutting. Consider how you might expand your product and service offering if you could cut a broader range of materials with one machine tool. Identify and quantify your objectives so equipment specifications can be justified. If you would like to speak to a Jet Edge Equipment Specialist to talk through these opportunities, just hit Contact Us!

Step 2: Deciding Between Water Only and Abrasive Water Jet Cutting Systems

Once you have established the materials you are cutting and defined your production goals, you need to select a cutting method. Again, many of the materials mentioned above (e.g., Foam packaging, vinyl, acoustical panels, rubber, textiles, etc.) can be cut with water only. So, if your business focuses on processing softer materials, and you plan to stay in that market, then a water-only water jet will meet your needs while saving on costs and complexity.

If you are cutting hard materials (e.g., stone, glass, specialty alloys, metals, certain composites, etc.) then an abrasive cutting system is required. Note, you can cut soft materials with abrasive cutting machines by changing the cutting head and not using the garnet, but you cannot cut with abrasive on a water only system. An abrasive system introduces more system components, including bulk garnet hoppers, garnet removal systems, and nozzle/orifice types that need to be part of the investment analysis, shop layout plans, and integrated into your overall decision.

Step 2 Summary

Choose a water only or an abrasive cutting system. Build in the additional system requirements for abrasive cutting and display it on a shop floor layout. Your Jet Edge Equipment Specialist can help you configure a complete system if you need help. Just hit Contact Us!

Step 3: Does My Cut Require 3-Axis or 5-Axis Cutting Capabilities

Your selection of a 3-axis and 5-axis water jet depends upon the geometry of the parts you are cutting. For traditional 3-axis cutting, machining is performed in the X and Y planes with the Z-axis performing only a raise and lower function. This is often referred to as two-dimensional cutting. A water jet with 3-axis capabilities is less complex than a 5-axis water jet, lowering its overall costs. It is also easier to program and is a great solution for many cuts. However, as material properties get thicker and contoured cuts are called out, a 3-axis system is more limited in the work it can perform.

If your parts geometry calls out bevels, flatness on a side cut, or machining that requires cutting in the Z plane, you need a tool with 5-axis capabilities. The 5-axis water jet adds an A-axis and C-axis for bevel cuts up to 60° angles around a full circle. By making the Z-axis servo driven, you can cut profiles on the side of a part whether that part is square or rounded. The three-dimensional machining capabilities broadens the range of parts that can be cut and allows for fixturing to be introduced for quick parts placement.

Another is to mount one 5-axis cutting head and one 3-asix cutting head to the gantry to create the flexibility to cut with either depending on the instance.

It is possible to upgrade a 3-axis water jet to 5-axis capabilities, however, it is an expensive proposition and generally not considered cost effective. If your production might benefit and your budget supports it, consider a 5-axis water jet at the start. 

Step 3 Summary

Your part&#;s geometry will dictate the need for 3-axis or 5-axis cutting. Thicker, more complex shapes with contours will require a 5-axis cutting head. If you&#;re not sure about which system would best fit your application, Contact Us and an Equipment Specialist can walk you through case studies that review the thought process on selecting cutting systems.

Step 4: "Quick Start" or Custom Configuration

For most water jet buyers, the "fun" begins when they reach the point of specifying system features to meet their specific application needs. If you have completed the first three steps of this guide, it&#;s time to dial in the system. Let's explore two approaches to final tool selection. 

Quick Start/Pre-Configured Solutions

Most water jet manufacturers offer a pre-configured solution containing everything a company needs to start providing basic water jet cutting services. Often called a quick start system, or in Jet Edge&#;s case a Jet Start System, this option offers three advantages that are especially appealing to first-time buyers. They are:

• Easy install with fewer components.
• Provides a fixed budget that avoids overloading on options that may not be economical
• Gets your company into water jet cutting fast with a relatively simple solution.

While this solution seems appealing on its surface, it comes with system limitations that may come up as you start running the equipment full time. It&#;s always best practice to compare the Quick Start solution with a system that is custom configured to your specific application, and weighing the pros and cons as well as cost differences.

Custom Configured Systems

Custom Configured Systems allow you to optimize the cutting equipment to your specific water jet application and meet the production objectives you outlined at the start of the process. Configuring a system begins with a comprehensive review of the items detailed in Step 1 &#; Step 3 of this guide, with a special emphasis around the production goals. Your custom configured system may utilize a high-rail system instead of more standard mid-rail. It may utilize multiple cutting heads for increased productivity, incorporate lights out cutting, and/or an automated load/unload system. Based on your specific cutting volumes, it may incorporate abrasive removal and/or incorporate a closed loop system for water recycling. There are tons of options when configuring a system with the end goal being a machine specifically designed around your materials and application.

As you'd expect, custom configured systems take longer to engineer, manufacture, deliver, and install - but may result in the best solution for your company in the long-term.

Step 4 Summary

A system should be designed around today&#;s need with an eye on the future. Quick start systems are a great way to dip your toe in the water and get started at a lower price point while custom configured systems attempt to get the best return over time frame and may be a better investment in the long run.

Additional Resources at Jet Edge

We strive to publish as much information as possible to enable our customers to make the best decision for their specific needs. Visit our Blog Library located in our Resource Center to read about all things water jet and learn how others have managed through the selection process by visiting our Case Studies.

Compare Jet Edge to Any Manufacturer

How do you extract the maximum value from your cutting systems? By keeping them running at full capacity when you need them. Whether you are running around the clock or during a specific shift, you are losing money if your cutting equipment isn&#;t performing at 100%.

When you are looking to expand into water jet cutting or evaluate your cutting technology options, we invite you to take a close look at Jet Edge. Compare us to any other water jet manufacturer and you'll see why our customers choose both our equipment and our post-sales support.

Remember, your relationship with Jet Edge does not end after the sale&#;that is when it just begins!

Check Out Our Digital Brochure!

Since , Jet Edge has been designing and manufacturing Ultra-High-Pressure Water jet technology that doesn't back down. Our systems are used around the world in a broad range of industries from the world's leading airlines, to automotive, aerospace and industrial manufacturers, and machine job shops. 

To learn more about the Jet Edge difference, our water jet motion systems, pumps and much more, click the button "Download Brochure" to get it now!

Businesses can find many options on the market today when searching for a mill, lathe, or machining center. However, with so many different types of CNC machines, it can be difficult to sort through all the information and figure out how to budget for new equipment. CNC machines can range in price from just a thousand dollars to up to half a million, depending on their capabilities and features.

In this guide, we&#;ll address some of the common questions about CNC, including:

• How much is a CNC machine?

• What factors affect the price of a CNC machine?

• How should you narrow down your search?

Learn more about CNC machines in this guide from Laguna Tools.

CNC Machines: A Brief Overview

A computer numerical control (CNC) machine uses software to program complex movements into manufacturing equipment. CNC programmers use computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) software to generate project plans and direct the machinery. There are many different types of CNC machines, including:

• CNC routers

• CNC plasma-cutting machines

• CO2 laser-cutting machines

• Fiber Markers

  
  

• Fiber Laser

• Edge-banding CNCs

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CNC machinery is used to cut and shape raw materials into finished parts. They&#;re used in a wide range of industries, from automotive and aerospace to energy and defense. With CNC equipment, machinists can automate many of the routine tasks required to shape workpieces made from materials like wood, metal, and plastic. CNC machines function using a language called G-code that directs placement, feed rate, and cutting speed.

CNC machines have multiple axes of movement. Many milling machines and routers have three linear axes:

• X-axis: Left and right movement

• Y-axis: Forward and backward movement

• Z-axis: Up and down movement

Some laser cutters and other smaller CNCs have just two linear axes (X and Y). In more advanced CNCs, you&#;ll find rotary axes in addition to linear axes. A 5-Axis CNC machine has A and B rotary axes. The A axis rotates around the X axis, while the B axis rotates around the Y axis. These offer more advanced automation because an operator doesn&#;t need to stop the machine and reposition the tool. 

Factors That Affect CNC Machine Price

As you browse CNC equipment, you&#;ll notice that prices can vary widely. With so many different types of CNC machines on the market that fit different needs and applications, several factors affect the upfront cost. These include:

Power and Controller

Depending on your needs, it's important to consider how large of a CNC spindle you may need. Larger spindles carry more power allowing the CNC operator to take on more serious workloads, however, they do cost more. For example, high speed is best for materials such as aluminum, wood, composite materials, laminates, etc. However, when routing stainless steel or thermoplastics high speed shouldn't be your focus not applied.

In addition to power needs, another important factor to consider is what CNC controller you prefer. A CNC controller is a general term that refers to one of several devices but it summarizes the complete machine control system. A controller is an important part of a CNC machine as it links the computer system to the mechanical components of a CNC machine. Its primary task is to receive signals from a computer and interpret those signals into mechanical motion through motor output. If you're looking for a reliable, easy-to-use, and training-friendly controller, considering a CNC that comes with a FANUC controller can be something to consider with costs. 

Application

At Laguna Tools, we have a variety of CNC machines that can take on multiple materials, allowing shops and operators to have the freedom to use their CNCs for different applications. For example, our CO2 lasers can engrave and cut on various wood, acrylics, plastics, glass, rubber, and more. Our CNC routers offer the same freedom as they can route and cut a wide variety of materials. We also offer accessories that make it easier to switch between applications and materials, including automatic tool changers and vacuum tables. 

Size of the Machine

An important factor that can correlate to how much a CNC machine may cost is the table size. A smaller work area may be cheaper but it also adds to the limitations of the kinds of projects you can take on. If you're limited in space and certain your workshop or business can only handle a specific threshold of work, a smaller desktop CNC may work best as these usually come in 2x4 table sizes. However, for more professional workshops that are looking to take on more demand and grow their business, Laguna offers larger CNC routers with table sizes that come anywhere from 4x4, 4x8, and 5x10 models, ideal for businesses that need the larger bed space to take on jobs such as cabinet making or sign making.

CNC Machine Materials

CNC machines can shape wood, acrylic, or sheet metal, including aluminum, stainless steel, and copper. The material the machine cuts can affect its price:

How Much Is A CNC Machine For Metalwork?

Metal is a more difficult material to work with than wood, so prices for CNC machines that cut metal tend to be more expensive. Additionally, metalworking usually requires tighter tolerances, which also increases the overall price.

However, prices can differ based on the type of metal. For instance, Laguna Tools offers CNC routers designed for working on soft metals, such as aluminum and copper, so users can find affordable machines for their needs, but we also offer Fiber Laser or Plasma Cutters that can work with stainless steel at thicker measures.

How Much Is A CNC Machine For Wood?

Prices for wood CNC machines vary quite a bit. Those who enjoy working with wood for fun can get a small hobbyist machine for just a few thousand dollars. If you have a professional woodworking business, however, you&#;ll need to shell out a bit more &#; between $5,000 and $100K.

Average Prices for CNC Machines

The cost of a new CNC can differ by the machine manufacturer and its country of origin. Here are the average price ranges for a few different types of CNC machines:

How Much Is A CNC Router Machine?

Entry-level CNC routers for hobbyists can cost as little as $1,000 to $3,000. A desktop CNC router can range from $1,000 to $10,000 depending on its capabilities. High-end routers can cost anywhere up to $150,000.

How Much Is A Small CNC Machine?

A small machine intended for beginners and DIY enthusiasts, such as a desktop router, is often priced under $1,000. These machines are best suited for hobbyist projects. 

How Much Does a 3-Axis Machine Cost?

A typical 3-axis machining center will cost between $50,000 and $125,000.

How Much Does a 5-Axis Machine Cost?

With their additional functionality and continuous machining processes, 5-axis CNCs are on the higher end of the spectrum. These machines cost anywhere from $200,000 and up, although many are over $500,000. 6-axis machines and larger industrial machining centers can be $250,000 to $500,000, as well.

Note that used CNC machines may have a lower price tag, but they may be more prone to breakdowns, require replacement parts, and are limited to smaller-scale applications/possibilities. You may not save money in the long run.

Other CNC Machine Costs to Consider

Some CNC machines come with a software package; others don&#;t. Software and accessories are some of the supplemental costs you&#;ll need to consider when budgeting for a CNC machine. Some of the more popular CNC accessories and optional features include:

• Clamps and vices: There are many different types of clamps you can choose to hold your workpieces in place. 

• Coolant systems: Coolant protects workpieces and machine surfaces. A coolant system attaches to the CNC machine and pumps fluids with a jet or mist attachment.

• Tool organizer: As the name implies, this is a tray for storing cutting tools when they are not in use.

• Automatic tool changers (ATCs): Depending on your production demands, an automatic tool changer may fit your needs. With an ATC, an operator can program the CNC router to change bits while it is in the process of routing, saving you the hassle of having to manually stop the machine and removing the bit by hand, ultimately saving you labor and time. 

• Dust shoes: These are small devices that couple with a vacuum system to suck up dust and debris from the cutting area, making cleanup easier.

While CNC machines reduce your labor costs, you will need to staff the machine with an experienced programmer and operator. Factor all these potential additional expenses into your budget to get a realistic picture of the true cost of a new CNC machine.

Choosing a CNC Machine

If you&#;re thinking about buying a CNC machine for your home workshop or business, there are several factors you should consider. Use these questions to help you narrow down your search:

What Are Your Machining Needs?

Think through the type of materials you use and the kind of work you&#;ll be doing with a CNC machine. Look for options that offer the machining processes you currently use and plan to take on in the future.

What Type Of Software Compatibility Do You Need?

If you have existing CAD/CAM software, you might want to choose a CNC machine that&#;s compatible with that program. If you&#;re open to learning a new kind of software, you may have more options available to you. Some popular, industry-leading software programs include:

• Fusion 360

• Lightburn

• Mozaik

• VCarve Pro

• Vectric Aspire

How Much Space Do You Have?

Measure the amount of space you can dedicate to new machinery. Remember that in addition to the machine&#;s footprint, you may also need more space to store raw materials.

What Is Your Budget?

Look at your organizational budget and assess how much money you can put aside for new equipment. You&#;ll also need to account for installation and maintenance costs. Decide if you can buy a CNC machine outright or if you will need to look at financing options.

Laguna Tools makes it easier to find a CNC machine that fits your budget with our wide variety of options. We have quality desktop CNCs designed for talented hobbyists with smaller budgets, mid-value CNCs for entry-level production, and premium high-level CNCs that can keep up with production demands. 

Research Support and Parts Availability

Even the best CNC machines need regular maintenance and occasional repairs. At Laguna, we provide -based technical support and have on-site CNC technicians ready to travel to your location to get your CNC machine functioning like normal.

Find CNC Machines at Laguna Tools

For over 40 years, Laguna Tools has been a leading supplier of CNC and industrial machinery. Founded in to serve the woodworking industry, Laguna Tools has grown over the years, offering a wide range of machinery, accessories, and CNC machine tools to professionals in many different industries. With dealers located throughout the United States and beyond, as well as prompt customer service, Laguna Tools makes it easy to find the right CNC solution for your business. We offer excellent warranty policies and are happy to provide third-party CNC financing options to customers who qualify.