Traffic light - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Traffic signals (or traffic lights) are control devices used to regulate the flow of traffic. These lights are installed at various junctions and pedestrian crossings.[1] The lights' differing colors instruct motorists on how to behave.

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In South Africa, traffic lights are commonly referred to as robots.

How Traffic Light Cycles Operate

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Traffic lights operate by changing their colors in a consistent sequence. In many English-speaking nations, the typical order is:

1. Red light: Drivers must stop.
2. Green light: Drivers may continue driving or start moving.
3. Yellow light: Drivers should slow down and prepare to stop, as the light is about to turn red.

Lester Wire is acknowledged for inventing the electric traffic light in 1912 in Salt Lake City, Utah. Another significant figure is Garrett Morgan, an African-American inventor who developed a traffic signaling system and secured one of the first patents for a traffic light.

William Potts, a police officer, is credited with inventing the first three-color traffic signal.

(WHTM/NEXSTAR) – In many regions of the United States, traffic signals include a small light situated between or beside the main traffic signals. These lights may blink when emergency vehicles are near.

What exactly are these lights?

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These lights are known as priority or preemption signals. They are part of a system that allows emergency vehicle operators to override normal traffic light functions.

In the early 1980s, Maricopa County, Arizona, introduced Emergency Vehicle Preemption (EVP) systems to reduce response times. Emergency vehicles like fire engines utilize emitters that communicate with receiving devices on traffic signals.

Activating an emitter makes the traffic lights along the vehicle's path immediately switch to prioritize the emergency vehicle’s direction.

These preemption systems enable emergency vehicles to navigate more quickly and safely by providing a red light to all other directions at an intersection, ensuring no cross-traffic blocks their path.

Many preemptive signals come with confirmation lights. These white lights, which can flash or stay steady, indicate different things when activated.

For instance, in Pennsylvania, a steady light signifies the signal has been preempted to show green in one direction. A blinking light means the green light is given to a different direction.

Various systems use differing methods for signal preemption — some use direct line-of-sight signals, others employ GPS or radio signals to achieve the same priority.

In June 2023, South Georgia Medical Center announced it would outfit all its ambulances with GPS-enabled EVP devices to halt cross-traffic quickly during emergencies.

“This cutting-edge technology makes ambulance responses safer for everyone,” noted South Georgia Medical Center EMS Chief Michael Colman.

The center reported that response times have decreased by an average of 11 seconds per traffic light due to these devices.

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