Dec. 23, 2024
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Pneumatic valve is one of the most popular valves. Its efficiency, cleanliness and convenience are the reasons for its popularity.
Pneumatic valves are of various builds and configurations. Therefore, certain factors must be carefully considered in order to select the right one for your application. The following are some of these factors.
Media
The first consideration in selecting the best pneumatic valve for your application is to consider the type of fluid that will flow through it. The fluid could be liquid, gaseous, or sludge, among others. Also, it is vital to consider the flow pressure. The media could be compressed air, water, or have a flow with negative pressure. This consideration has to be made to ensure that the compatible valve is selected for the application.
Actuation type
Pneumatic actuators may be double-acting or single-acting. Commonly referred to as spring return actuators, single-acting actuators have a compressed spring located on one side of the piston. The spring holds the valve in its original position. To operate the valve, compressed air introduced on the opposite side of the piston surmounts the spring&#;s force. Once the air supply is shut off, the spring returns the valve to its original position.
In double-acting actuators, however, pressurized air at different pressures is supplied to the piston from both sides. The pressure difference between the two sides keeps the valve in the required position &#; open, closed, or partially open and closed.
Single-acting pneumatic valves are suitable for open and close control, but for a more controlled modulation, their double-acting counterparts are more common. However, when accompanied by a positioner, single-acting spring return actuators on v-ball control valves can implement modulating control. Other considerations when selecting between a single- or double-acting actuator include weight, size, and cost.
Valve materials
Valve materials are of high importance in selecting the right valve for your application. The right materials reduce the risk of failure during operation. For example, using uncoated valve materials in a chemically aggressive environment leads to rust and failure of parts. Epoxy-coated actuators are resistant to most chemicals, but they are not suitable for conditions in which they are fully submerged by the media. For this sort of application, stainless steel is a better option. Brass valves are perfectly adequate if the media is water. Another option is to use high-temp seal kits that enable you to tailor a certain valve&#;s suitability for a particular application. However, keep in mind that choosing the correct valve material is still the most important part of the process.
Flow capacity
Essentially, a valve, once it&#;s opened, has to deliver enough flow to fill up a specific volume downstream within a given period. An undersized valve delivers less flow, increasing the time needed to fill up downstream. An oversized valve is simply an extra cost in the system. Therefore, it is essential to determine the maximum flow volume expected during operation and select a suitable valve with adequate capacity. Knowing the right valve capacity is easy, as many manufacturers provide the flow capacity of their valves and reference materials.
Operating environment
Pneumatic valves are affected by their operating environment. Environmental factors include ambient temperature, exposure to chemicals, vibrations, and so forth. Valve components, especially the pneumatic cylinder, have their fundamental operating temperature and must be considered before introduction into any working environment. A dry, nonaggressive environment does not require specially coated valves. A humid environment does require coating on the external components of the valve. Another operating environment that affects the choice of valve is the medical or food industry. Such environments may require a valve of certain certification or &#;clean&#; design features.
Valve type
Different pneumatic valves are best suited for different applications and operating conditions. For example, a butterfly valve is a poor choice for high-pressure applications and has a higher head loss. On the other hand, ball valves are more suitable for high-pressure applications due to the nature of the ball; they also have lower head loss. Actuating a ball valve in a high-pressure flow system is easier compared to actuating a butterfly valve. However, butterfly valves are popular in huge diameter lines for isolation. Always select the best valve build for your application.
Installation area
Pneumatic valves are air-actuated valves. The air usually comes from an air compressor strategically positioned in the work environment. It is therefore vital to ensure that the application environment is adequately inspected for space that should be adequate to accommodate the right-size compressor. The compressor determines the pressure at which the actuating mechanism receives air. The available air for actuation thus influences the size of the actuator required to deliver the required force to actuate a valve.
Installation orientation
For most valves, the direction of flow is horizontal, and since the actuator is installed on top of the valve, its installation orientation will be vertical, that is, upright. As much as possible, avoid horizontal actuator installation. This is because the pressure is exerted on one side of the packing, which will experience wear, leading to leaks in the valve.
Pneumatic valves are fast, reliable, and efficient devices for fluid control. Selecting the right type for an application is vital to the application&#;s success. Careful consideration of the factors discussed above will ensure that you select the best pneumatic valve for your application.
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https://youtu.be/wmtPVZkejrQ When you talk about the biggest sector in the world in terms of dollar value, the oil and gas industry is a global powerhouse employing over hundreds of thousands of workers worldwide as well as generating huge amount in billions of dollars globally each year.The oil and gas companies are so vital they often contribute a significant amount towards national GDP and this great success cannot be achieved without exploration, extraction, refining, transporting, and marketing of end products which is vital to many industries, and is of high significance to critically take certain measures to preserving this process of great value starting from timely maintenance schedule, dual routine checks and streamed down replacement of some essential devices like the Solenoid Valves.But what exactly is a Solenoid Valve? Solenoid valves are devices electromechanically operated with the use of a solenoid to change the state of a valve from open to close to control the flow liquid or gas.
A solenoid valve consists of two main parts: the Solenoid and the Valve. The Solenoid is a cylindrical coil of wire, which acts as an electromagnet when an electric current passes through while the Valve acts as a control device, which controls or directs the flow of fluid by closing, opening, or partially obstructing various pathways. Valve Body: This main part of the solenoid valve, includes ports, seats, and orifices that permit movement of fluids when the solenoid is energized or de-energized.
Solenoid Tube Assembly: Cylinder, in stainless steel, sealed and closed at one end. This is a guide channel of the movable plunger which is moved magnetically. The valve has the solenoid coil fitted on the external side of the enclosing tube.Moveable Plunger: An electromagnetically inductive coil, made of a movable stainless steel, it is attracted by the solenoid magnetic field and slides inside the tube.Plunger Spring: This is a return spring that holds the movable plunger in position when energized and to return it to its position when de-energized.Seat Seal: It is used to close a valve main orifice and it is located on the movable plunger.Electromagnet (Solenoid coil): The electromagnet consisting of copper windings (solenoid) along with, a magnetic yoke (armature), when energized, generates a magnetic flux which attracts the movable plunger.
Refer to Lesman lesson 101De-energized: Electric current (electricity) IS NOT applied to solenoid valve (it is powered off). Energized: Electric current (electricity) IS applied to solenoid valve (it is powered on). Normally Closed (N/C): Valve is in the CLOSED position when de-energized.Normally open (N/O): Valve is in the OPEN position when de-energized.Voltage: Energy potential between two points. Regular voltage: 220VAC, 110VAC, 24VDC, 12VDC.Pressure Ratings: The pressure ratings are quoted in PSI. The valves function constantly within the given pressure ranges. Figures relate the range 15% under-voltage to 10% over-voltage. For example, if 3/2-way valves are used in a different operation, the permitted pressure ranges vary. 1 Mpa=10 bar=145 Psi=KpaFlow Rate Values: A valve flow rate can be determined by the nature of the design and also by the type of flow. The size of the valve essential for a particular purpose is proven in CV rating. This figure is evolved for standardized units and conditions i.e. flow rate in GPM and uses water at a temperature of between 40°F and 86°F at a pressure drop of 1 PSI. CV ratings for each valve are quoted. A consistent system of flow rate values is also used for pneumatics. In this case airflow in SCFM upstream and a pressure fall of 15 PSI at a temperature of 68°F.Operational Parameters of a Solenoid ValveSolenoid valves are also considered by how they function. A small solenoid can produce a limited force. If that force is adequate to open and close the valve, then a direct-acting solenoid valve is potential. The projected link between the required solenoid valve forces (Fs), the fluid pressure (P), and the orifice area (A) for a direct-acting solenoid valve is 3Fs= PA = P πd2 / 4Where (d) = orifice diameter. A typical solenoid force might be 15 N (3.4 lbf). An application might be low pressure, an example is (10 psi (69 kPa) gas with a small orifice diameter ( 3&#;8 in (9.5 mm) for an orifice area of 0.11 in2 (7.1×10&#;5 m2) and approximate force of 1.1 lbf (4.9 N)Once high pressures and large orifices are faced, then high forces are vital. To generate those forces, an internally piloted solenoid valve design may be potential.
When the Solenoid receives the electrical signal, a magnetic field is created, thereby causing two forces counter one another and channeling air directly to spring a plunger inside the coil, which has an integral seat to forcefully open when the solenoid coil is energized. Depending on the valve design, when electrical current is removed from the coil, a return spring brings the plunger back to the original closing state, thus cutting off the flow of the fluid.
Solenoid valves can be categorized into five groups. To let you understand easier, we make it an infographics as below
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Contact us to discuss your requirements of Electro Pneumatic Valve. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.
In Normally Closed (N/C) &#; They are designed to block flow through the valve and commonly used for safety precautions. During this operation, these valves use a spring to remain closed. Also in the normally closed operation, when the system starts to experience overpressure, the valve opens to guarantee safety within. Once pressure begins to regulate, it will automatically close i.e., When the valve is de-energized, the pressured port is sealed and thereby allowing the cylinder port linked to the exhaust port to seize flow between the inlet and cylinder ports. Normally Open (N/O) -The normally open valves can as be used as safety precaution devices. Though, unlike the normally closed valves, the working principle of the parts is to maintain low pressure in a system. They are aimed to allow liquid or gas to flow in through normal circumstances. As the system builds pressure, they will begin to shut off; in-order to regulate pressure levels. In extreme overpressure situations, the valve will close almost entirely. Directional Control Valves &#; A control valve which consists of two positions and three ports are one of the very fundamental parts of the hydraulic machinery as well as pneumatic machinery. This mode of operation allows fluid flow into different pathways from one or more sources. They regularly consist of a spool inside a cylinder that is controlled mechanically or electrically. The spool consists of grooves that allow oil or gas to flow around the spool and through the valve body. Universal or Multi-Purpose Solenoid Valve &#; In this mode of operation, it allows the valve to be connected to either the normally closed (N/C) or normally open (N/O) point, to enable the selected one to two fluids or divert flow from one port to another.
All materials used in the construction of the solenoid valves are carefully selected according to different types of applications like the Body, seal, solenoid material; flow rate and pressure rating are chosen to enhance functional and fluid compatibility.Body Materials: Neutral fluid valve bodies are made of brass and bronze. Fluids with high temperatures, e.g., steam, corrosion-resistant stainless steel are recommended. In addition, polyamide materials are used for economic reasons in plastic valves. Seal Materials: The mechanical, thermal and chemical conditions in an application factors in the selection of the seal material. Standard material for neutral fluids at temperatures is up to 194°F normally NBR. For higher temperatures, FKM and PTFE are involved. Selecting the correct sealing material for your solenoid valve requires considering the below factors. 1&#;Chemical compatibility2&#;Temperature of the medium3&#;Working pressure and burst pressure
This seal is also known as the NBR or Buna-N and it is the seal industry&#;s most widely used solenoid valve seal material with the chemical name as Butadiene Acrylonitrile. It is also a standard material for O-rings, suitable for air, gas, liquid, water, light and can stand media temperatures to approximately 90 degrees Celsius on a continuous basis to higher temperatures intermittently. Nitrile Rubber is the standard material for neutral fluids but has a weak resistance in terms of oxidizing media such as acids when exposed to sunlight.
EPDM rubber stands for Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer, its solenoid valve seals are well recommended for use at a temperature range above NBR such as hot water and low-pressure steam due to EPDM&#;s excellent resistance to heat. The maximum service temperature of EPDM is approximately 120 degrees Celsius and also has a good resistance to acids, alkalis, and salts.
Viton (FKM) is a brand name of DuPont for its synthetic rubber and fluoropolymer elastomer. It is commonly used in O-rings and other molded or extruded products. They can be used in automotive, oil exploration applications due to its well know excellent for heat resistance and make service temperatures nearing 150 degrees Celsius possible.
PTFE stands for Polytetrafluoroethylene and it is a well-known brand of Dupont Teflon. PTFE is practically resistant to all fluids, non-elastic (not flexible), limiting its use in certain applications. It is mostly used for high temperature and high-pressure solenoid valve reaching very high temperatures 230 degrees Celsius, as the dynamic seal material, it can be suitable for all fluid but will be leakage especially the medium is gas.
Silicone is an inert synthetic compound heat-resistant material and rubber-like polymers commonly selected for solenoid valves. It consists of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, sometimes other elements and often used in general purpose applications at a consumer level for common household products. It exhibits many useful properties, such as Low thermal conductivity, Low toxicity, and does not support microbiological growth, Low chemical reactivity, Resistance to oxygen, ozone, and ultraviolet light.Its seals offer a wide working temperature range from -54°C to +232°C, with a high gas permeability at room temperature (25 °C), but silicone is a very soft material and therefore is not that good with higher pressure applications above (40 bar) depending on orifice design.
Solenoid Materials: The solenoid actuator parts which come into contact with the fluid are made of austenitic corrosion-resistant steel. i.e., resistance is guaranteed against corrosive attack by neutral or mildly aggressive media.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Px6ncnTmDU&list=PLcbLlE-OFRHLL5oElYeJEmIpMTWH53gsKA Number of Required Ports: A normal solenoid valve consist of two ports: an inlet port and an outlet port which are also called two-way valves; this can be controlled with an on-off switch. Valve designs with one inlet port and two outlet ports are identified as three-way valves. The switch can be used to change the valve flow path from one outlet to the other ports while some solenoid valves are designed with four ports.Required Flow Rate: In Solenoid valves, different applications are considered to achieve a flow rates target. The key point here is to select an assembly that provides the proper size of the orifice. An orifice that is too large for the application is likely to produce more waste and result in suboptimal performance or may not provide the insufficient capacity to achieve the target flow rate.Voltage Requirements: The mass of the electrical current required to move the solenoid valve&#;s core of the orifice varies with the size of the orifice. It&#;s significant to choose a valve design that accommodates the available power supply. Inadequate voltage is likely to prevent the valve from opening properly, which in turn would adversely affect the valves flow rate.
Solenoid Valve ordering guide sheet download
When choosing a fluid solenoid valve, some essential measures such as valves low temperatures or high-temperature facts becomes a challenge, and certain precautions need to be put in place.Solenoid valves with High temperature are practically used for steam or hot oil while low-temperature solenoid valves are practically used in cases of low-temperature liquid such as CO2 and N2. So what will be the critical factors to decide performance of solenoid valve? That valve users, designers, manufacturers must pay massive attention to in order to avoid issues like testing and compliance, low-power capabilities, support and issues of reliability.
Seals are core factors that affect the low and high temperature in a solenoid valve; it is categorized in three structures, which is divided into piston pilot valve, membrane pilot valve, and direct acting. Seals are very important when choosing a valve because it is suitable for use in a harsh environment with a ranging temperature from -100°C to +260°C. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) will be categorically the best choice for it&#;s excellent resistant to aqua regia and all kinds of organic solvents.
A solenoid coil is another essential factor that affects the low and high temperature in a solenoid valve. The duty cycle of your coils when the coil is improperly sized can cause failure to the operation, especially when operating a valve at 100% duty cycle. It also has a similarity with that of the valve seal due to its capability to function in harsh environments. Besides pressure, flow rate and pressure drop considerations, we need to use class H coils rated to 180°C, practically the copper wire can withstand a high temperature of but cannot exceed 180°C and when designing a machine, coil temperature should be considered to avoid undesired failures such as the degraded of solenoid valve performance.
Power is essential in solenoid application, in some remote locations such as oil and gas transmission power plants or extraction sites, conventional valves may require heat tracing or protection and users may simply appreciate lowering energy costs. More critically, these and other power demands often necessitate larger and more costly power supplies like the battery charging systems or solar panels.
Radiation devices have a high effect on solenoid valves especially when not installed in the appropriate position, the device will spread part of temperature and the fluid temperature transmits to the coil very fast, and there&#;s high tendency for the coil to easily burn out or functional disability. So users should ensure to install radiator device between coils and valve body.
The solenoid meaning varies differently in many areas, a very good example is for physics research where solenoid simply means a coil wrapped around metal, and after the current has passed through the coil, it will produce a magnetic field. They are a vast number of electromagnets in physics study and not all electromagnet can be called a solenoid. It is named specifically based on their functions; some are called inductors or even electromagnets while many are mostly called solenoid.In engineering terms and industry solenoid means a series of transducers when the solenoid has been energized, it converts the electricity into mechanical movement.What precisely is a solenoid coil? A solenoid coil is a wire tightly wound around a conductive core with a hollow center and a piece of copper wire wound around the hollow core. When the Solenoid is energized by a current, a current will pass the coil and create a magnetic field, thereby effectively form an electromagnet. For the major solenoid functions, the energy provided by the electromagnetic energy is translated into simple linear motion to switch a variety of devices.
Solenoid coil and tubes are an essential parts that make up a complete solenoid. They both have different working principles and the two parts trigger the valve to operate. When the solenoid is energized, it will cause the plunger in the tube to move and actuate the valve to change the directions of fluids or the pressure of the valve.
https://youtu.be/bR2I-oM9pNM All regular coils are not exactly the same; the difference varies in material, protection class and insulation grade.First Code letter: Degrees of protection against dust particles0 &#; No protection1- Protection against large foreign dust particles over than 50mm2 &#; Protection against medium-sized foreign dust particles over than 12.5mm3 &#; Protection against fine dust particles over 2.5mm4 &#; Protection against dust particles over 1.0mm5 &#; Stop hazard Dust production6 &#; Dust Tight 100%Second Code Letter: Degrees of protection against water0 &#; No protection1 &#; Protection against dripping water falling on the housing shell2- Protection against water drops falling diagonally from the angle of 15 degree3 &#; Protection against spraying water or rain from the angle of 60 degree4 &#; Protection against splashing water from any direction5 &#; Protection against jets of water from any direction6 &#; Protected against the environment of ships or boats7 &#; Protected against temporary immersion in water 1m for 30 minutes.8 &#; Protected against the effect of submersion for a long time
Protection class: Solenoid IP rating (IP65)Material: It is made of copper wires in a plastic housing.Temperature rating: under 180&#;This standard purpose solenoid insulation grade H class is made of copper which is housed in a plastic mode and has IP65 (degree of protection against the ingress of solids) as protection class. It has the similar functions with NASS brand of the solenoid coil, they are waterproof, dustproof resistance and have good resistance to high temperature.
Protection class: Solenoid IP rating (IP54)Material: It is made of copper wires in a steel housing.Temperature rating: under 150&#;They are different from the first listed type of solenoid in areas of IP grade and material. It also has the capacity to handle high pressure. They have low performance or cannot function in water or dust conditions because of the steel housing material.
Protection class: Solenoid IP rating (IP68)Material: It is sorely made of copper wires in a plastic housingTemperature rating: under 180&#;From the above-displayed picture, the major feature of this solenoid type is the popped out wire from the shell full plastic housing. They are rated IP68 protection class, because of their excellent function underwater conditions.
Protection class: Solenoid IP rating (IP68)Material: It is also made of copper wires in a steel housing.Temperature rating: under 180&#;These types of the solenoid are frequently used to avoid an explosion in the high pressured valves. Also, the explosion-proof class can be divided into different categories such as EXME type, EXIA type, EXM type, EXD type; they are also encapsulated in a plastic case to avoid lighting up other parts and can withstand super low temperature till 196&#;.
Protection class: Solenoid IP rating (IP65)Material: This is also made of copper wires with a plastic housing.Temperature rating: under 150&#;Latching solenoid valves also are known as pulse jet valve basically use the self-holding solenoid to perform the operation. This consists of a unique working principle; when de-energized; it still works because of the magnetism in the system and has various features, like the ability to operate a pulse signal and no self-heating.
Before you proceed with installation, do not apply exceed pressure rating of the valve and ensure to check nameplate for correct catalog number, voltage, pressure, services, and frequency.
Solenoid valves are designed to perform properly when mounted in any position. Though, for optimal life and performance which is always the target, the valve should be mounted vertically and upright to reduce the possibility of foreign matter entering the solenoid brass sub-assembly area.
The structure of solenoid valve is very simple, you need to connect piping to valve according to instructions or marking on the valve body, or refer to flow diagrams provided in the manual. Avoid straining or improper alignment of the pipe and apply pipe compound carefully only to the male pipe threads, but when applying to valve threads, make sure the compound does not enter the body to avoid experiencing difficulties in operation. When tightening the pipe, ensure not to use the valve or solenoid as a lever.Note: Make certain that the solenoid valve is properly secured by installing a filter or strainer that is suitable for the service involved and position close to the valve. Always clean occasionally depending on service conditions.
Before this procedure, ensure to comply with local codes and National Electrical Code when wiring. A green grounding wire is provided in virtually all constructions during wiring and to ease wiring, the enclosure may be rotated 360° by removing the retaining cap or clip and make sure to use rigid metallic conduit to ground all enclosures that are not provided with a green grounding wire.NOTE: Alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) solenoids are built differently, so to be able to convert from one to other, it is essential to change the complete solenoid, including the sub-assembly and core assembly of the solenoid.
NOTE: Before taking steps to maintaining your solenoid valves, you need to first de-energized and depressurize valve before making repairs. Also, it is not required to remove the valve from the pipeline before repairs.
All solenoid valves should be timetabled and cleaned occasionally; the time scheduled time for cleaning has to depend on the medium or amount of service conditions by the valve. When you notice some abnormal activities such as sluggish valve operation, excessive noise, or leakage especially when the voltage of coil is correct then bear in mind that cleaning is due and ensure to clean valve strainer or filter alongside the valve.
Note: You should first de-energized from the power supply, disconnected all coil lead wires, remove retaining screw or clip, nameplate, washers and then Remove the DIN plug to replace.
Although solenoid valve structure is simple, there is a possibility to come across faults like solenoid valve breakdown, leakage, coil overheating, failure to closes or open and finally every valve nightmare Water Hammer.
Is your piping system making odd noises? But then again, there are other things that create noise in the pipe systems; things like Air in the pipes can cause them to make sounds which are easily confusing with that of Water Hammer.Water Hammer can be stated as the phenomenon that happens when the movement of a fluid inside a pipe system is suddenly stopped by a closing valve. When the valve shuts off, the water flowing towards the valve in a waveform causes a pressure transient upstream of the valve.In numerous applications such as upstream length of pipe, flow rate and valve closing time, the pressure transient may be very high and can cause physical damage to the pipe system especially to the valve joints which may result to leaks.
This effect can reduce by taking the following measures:
The response time of a solenoid valve can be said to be the amount of time needed for a valve to go from an open state to a closed state. Also, there is no similarity with the response time when energizing and when de-energizing for solenoid valves, especially when an alternating current is used. The response time of a solenoid valve can also be referred as a standard measurement procedure for solenoid valves. Note that many valve manufacturers use alternative definitions or measurement procedures.Another definition for the valve opening is stated as the duration between energizing the solenoid and reaching 90% of its stabilized outlet pressure while the response time for closing the valve is the duration from de-energizing the solenoid until the pressure drops to 10% of its test pressure and the test is executed with air at 6 bars at 20°C.The response of a solenoid valve is not instantaneous from the electrical point of view, because of the certain amount of time which the coil current must pass to supersede the coil inductance.When a voltage is applied to the solenoid, the magnetic flux will take a certain amount of time to reach its maximum capacity and the coil can be energized at any phase angle of the power supply voltage when an alternating current is applied. A very good example is when the voltage reaches its peak exactly as soon as the coil is energized, then it will take a lesser time for the armature to move than in cases when the voltage approaches zero before the coil is energized.It also takes an amount of time for the armature to move the required distance after the magnetic force acted upon it overcomes the spring force from a mechanical point of view and armatures with lesser mass tend to operate quicker, as there is less inertia to be overcome while moving the armature.The response time in a solenoid can be affected by the pressure variance and type of media used while with air, the response time will be a lot faster than with viscous media such as oils are used. Also, the response time of a solenoid valve can be affected by both electrical and mechanical limitations while in some applications, it could cause a water hammer effect because the faster response time might be better or in some other applications, the fast response time would actually be the reverse.
Leakage: Internal and external leakage is a factor endangering safety. The stem valve of other self-regulating valve is often extended; the movement of the valve core is controlled by electric, pneumatic, hydraulic actuators and solves the long-term action of valve seals leakage problem. It is suitable for a medium that is corrosive of high or low temperature. For Internal leakage, the electric torque of a solenoid valve is not controlled easily, leakage is prone to happen and even the head of the valve stem can be pulled off. So the structural type of solenoid valves can be easily used to control internal leakage until it&#;s reduced to zero. For External leakage, Electro-magnetic force affects the steel core sealed in the magnet-isolation sleeve of a solenoid valve, with no dynamic sealing, so it&#;s easy to block external leakage.Price and Performance: The solenoid valve system itself is simple in structure, the price is also low, compared to other types of valve actuators such as a sanitary regulating valve, very easy to install and maintain. In today&#;s widespread use of computers, solenoid valve has been able to tap in as a signal switched control valve which makes it even more apparent.It is Energy Efficient: A solenoid valve has high signal transmission capability with a response time as short as a few milliseconds. Solenoid valves coil power consumption is very low, they are energy-saving products. Also, its electric adjustable instrument is easy to operate and simple to install.The scope of Application: The valve technical progress also has been about how to overcome the inherent weaknesses and signal transmission distance, in order to concentrate on operating control; sensitivity and accuracy, is relatively high, so they designed a wide variety of products to meet various needs.
Solenoid valves in the case of impurities must be filtered and they have high requirements for cleanliness of the medium, containing granular media which does not apply. Viscous media cannot be used, and the specific products for medium viscosity range are relatively slim.Solenoid valves in only two limit positions of the valve core can only be switched in two states and they are not continuously adjustable.
Free Bonus Solenoid Valve Troubleshooting Checklist Download Solenoid valves are designed to ON/OFF for operation and at some point during this operation will break down and fail to work. Have in mind that when a solenoid valve has broken down and stopped working after a short period of time is obviously something about the application that the installed solenoid valve is not suitable for.The troubleshooting direction below gives a likely solution and explanation to why your solenoid valve has stopped working.
Installation Problems The Solenoid valve must be mounted in a horizontal pipe run with the solenoid vertical on top and set at a 90° angle to the horizontal pipe. Although in some cases most valves work in other positions, but they are not initially designed to do so and this process is not consistently and reliably if not installed correctly with the proper modifications. During installation, the solenoid valve must be mounted in the correct &#;flow direction&#; as indicated by the arrow on the side of the valve body. Ensure that the valve is mounted at the back of the arrow which is the inlet and the low-pressure side piping at the front of the arrow which is the outlet. Solenoid Valve Fails To Open Try (Power to open) and check if the valve is normally closed or Normally Open (Power to close). Ensure using a magnetic detector or lift coil slightly to check if the magnetic field is present. Try not to remove coil when energized, so it won&#;t burn out. Check contact wire connection, DIN connector, and fuses. Wrong Voltage Check that the coil marked voltage is accurate for supply and refer to the solenoid-valve catalog to confirm voltage tolerances normally are +/- 10%. Ensure to check your power supply is rated for the coil current requirements because some coils work on the principle of creating an inrush condition to open the valve, Check to see if the Plugged connecting screw is tightened, ensure that cable gland and cable diameter are matched because some valves will have cable plugs rated to IP65 and allow the cable to drop under cable gland to help prevent ingress of the water droplet. Coil Pressure &#; Too High Check the coil power rating, higher power version may be required and go through the valves catalog to reduce inlet pressure in line with valve specification as shown in the solenoid-valve catalog. Coil Pressure- Too Low When valve is too low valve, then it will need a replacing with a 0 rated version, also check that the inlet/outlet pressure difference (Differential) are in line with design conditions of the valve and have in mind that the downstream side will rise to a higher system, it should also be necessary to subtract from the supply side pressure. Other system demands may also reduce the overall supply pressure which will further reduce differentials. Damaged Armature tube Check the spare parts listing in solenoid-valves.com catalog and replace armature tube. Dirt Entry under Diaphragm Clean thoroughly the diaphragm and when damaged, check the spare parts listing in solenoid-valves.com catalog for diaphragm replacement. Dirt Entry in Armature Tube Clean thoroughly the armature and when damaged, check the spare parts listing in solenoid-valves.com catalog for armature replacement. Also, particles of dirt can be filtered out with a strainer, always ensure to mount valve with coil upright to reduce wear on top of the solenoid armature if any dirt gets into the medium. In cases when hard water scale builds up, check the catalog for appropriate installation of water softener or dry armature valve. Corrosion Check the spare parts listing in solenoid-valves.com for the replacement of damaged components and media compatibility with the valve. Call the technical helpline or soak seals overnight to see if it swells up and do not use EPDM seals on Oils or Fats as the seals will swell and cause restrictions in the flow. Solenoid valve fails to close Try not to remove coil when energized, so it won&#;t burn out and check diagram, lead connections, DIN connector and fuses. Use (Power to open) and check if the valve is normally closed or Normally Open (Power to close). Ensure using a magnetic detector or lift coil slightly to check if the magnetic field is present. Manual over Ride Check the solenoid valve position for manual override and adjust if necessary. Pressure Pulse Upstream Check the solenoid-valve catalog for valve technical data and replace if required. Pressure Difference In/Out Too High Check the solenoid valve pressure and flow for regulation. Outlet Pressure Occasionally Higher Than Inlet Pressure Check and ensure that the solenoid valve other installation items are properly tight. Difference in inlet/ outlet pulsating pressure line After checking that the pressure and flow are not constant, ensure to use the right solenoid valve or verify catalog for a more suitable valve for the application. Diaphragm Inverted Check and refit diaphragm correctly and when damaged, see valve spares in the solenoid-valve catalog for diaphragm replacement. Corrosion in Pilot Orifice See valve spares in the solenoid-valve catalog for suitable valve specification and replacement of the damaged component. Valve Installed Wrong Way Around Verify that the solenoid valve flow direction is in line with an instructed arrow or in/out markings on ports. Valve Noise Appears Incorrect (Buzz) Check connector&#;s section in the solenoid-valve catalog and ensure to use DC valve with a rectified connector to set around 50 or 60Hz AC buzz. Water Hammer When Valve Opens This is mainly caused by high liquid velocity and high pressure through small pipe bore, so check and ensure to Install a closed vertical T piece pipe in before the valve to trap air pocket and to dampen noise. The inlet pressure needs to be reduced and Increase the pipe size to reduce velocity. Water Hammer When Valve Closes It has similarity with that of water hammer when valve opens through small pipe bore and this can be carefully done by increasing slightly (10-20%) the size of the pilot pressure equalizing hole in the diaphragm or request supplier to reduce closing time of valve The inlet pressure needs to be reduced and Increase the pipe size to reduce velocity. Media Temperature Too High Check and ensure in solenoid-valve catalog technical data for the required media temperature. This can be solved by moving the valve to a cooler area or increase ventilation around valve & coil and also verify that you have correct function normally closed or normally open. Coil Short Circuit Confirm IP rating according to technical data in the solenoid-valve catalog, check valves installation for short circuit, verify all lead connections at coil and DIN connector are in the right place. Check for moisture in the coil and replace if necessary. Coil Armature Slow Clean thoroughly and if damaged, see spares section in the solenoid-valve catalog for replacement. Also, confirm media compatibility with valve and when bent armature tube is present, appropriate replacement is accordingly. Dirt Entry into Pilot Hole under Coil Armature Clean thoroughly orifice with a pin or compressed air.The Global solenoid valve market since the last couple of years has been growing speedily as demands from industries like oil and gas wastewaters, water, chemical, and petrochemical are increasing. Low power consumption, technology advancement, automotive flow system drives the market on solenoid valve. Size of equipment, level of customization of the equipment, and application in which the equipment is used affects the price of solenoid valvesThe Solenoid valve market is grouped in terms of types, ways and positions, electric signals, and applications listed as Core disc type solenoid valves, Floating diaphragm type solenoid valves, Flapper disc type solenoid valves, Hung diaphragm type solenoid valves, Piston type solenoid valves, Lever type solenoid valves, Slide disc type solenoid valve.Due to advanced technology and segmentation, the market is competitive as supply, demand, cost of goods and services sold affects the rise and fall in market prices of solenoid valves, higher demand will put upward pressure on price as competition among industrial companies will put a downward pressure on the price of the solenoid valve. Prices change in an incremental order within the last three years and research shows that the future trend of solenoid valve increases annually.
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