4 Advice to Choose a Belleville Disc Spring

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Selecting the right Belleville disc spring is crucial for ensuring optimal performance in various applications. The process involves considering several key factors to meet specific requirements and achieve desired outcomes. In this article, we will provide four essential pieces of advice to guide you through the selection process.

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Belleville disc springs, also known as conical spring washers, are widely used for their ability to provide high load capacity and deflection in compact spaces. To make an informed choice, it is essential to consider the following advice:

1. Load and Deflection Requirements:

The primary function of a Belleville spring is to withstand a specific load while allowing for a defined deflection. To achieve this, it is crucial to accurately calculate the load and deflection requirements of your application. Consider the operating conditions, environmental factors, and any potential variations in load. By understanding the load and deflection characteristics, you can choose a disc spring with the appropriate dimensions and specifications.

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2. Material Selection:

The material of the Belleville disc spring plays a critical role in its performance and durability. Different materials offer varying levels of corrosion resistance, fatigue life, and temperature resistance. Consider the environmental conditions and operational demands of your application when selecting the material. Stainless steel, for example, is known for its corrosion resistance, making it suitable for applications in harsh environments. Carefully assess the material properties to ensure the disc spring can withstand the intended operating conditions.

3. Size and Configuration:

Belleville disc springs are available in various sizes and configurations to accommodate different applications. It is essential to choose the right size and configuration based on the space constraints and load requirements of your specific application. Pay attention to factors such as outer diameter, inner diameter, and thickness to ensure a proper fit. Additionally, consider whether a single disc or a stack of multiple discs is more suitable for your application, as this can impact the overall load-bearing capacity.

4. Consider Operational Temperature:

The operational temperature of your application is a crucial factor in Belleville disc spring selection. Different materials have distinct temperature limits, and exceeding these limits can lead to reduced performance or even failure. Evaluate the expected temperature range in your application and choose a disc spring material that can withstand these conditions. This ensures that the disc spring maintains its mechanical properties and performance integrity over the entire operating temperature range.

In conclusion, choosing the right Belleville disc spring involves a careful analysis of load and deflection requirements, material selection, size and configuration considerations, and evaluation of operational temperature. By following these four pieces of advice, you can make an informed decision that aligns with the specific needs of your application, ultimately contributing to improved efficiency and longevity.

Protective Surface Treatments

Introduction to Protective Surface Treatments of Disc Springs

Obviously, the choice of available types of surface treatments is almost endless, therefore we think it sufficient to discuss only those treatments that currently are most commonly applied to disc springs. However, with consideration to &#;plating&#; treatments, it is absolutely essential to bear in mind the following:-

DO NOT ELECTROPLATE DISC SPRINGS

During the process of electroplating, hydrogen gas may be absorbed through the surfaces of the disc spring, which in turn may lead to the spring becoming brittle. Whilst it is possible that a subsequent heat treatment, referred to as de-embrittle may relieve this condition, our experience has shown this to be unreliable.

Phosphating

A zinc phosphate coating usually with subsequent oil or wax treatment. This treatment is widely offered as &#;standard&#; on most stock-range carbon steel disc springs. The protection offered is sufficient to prevent corrosion throughout storage and normal transit conditions. It is adequate also for those applications where the disc springs are not directly exposed to the elements. However, where the application involves a more hostile environment, i.e. disc springs open to weather or marine conditions, chemical or acid laden atmosphere, etc; then a superior treatment or material must be considered.

Mechanical Zinc Plating

This is a method of depositing substantial thicknesses of zinc on the surfaces of disc springs without the risk of &#;hydrogen embrittlement&#; associated with normal electro-plating. The zinc is impacted onto the surfaces by way of tumbling the disc springs in a rotating barrel, together with glass beads, metal powder, and promoting chemicals. In addition to removing the risk of embrittlement, the &#;peening&#; aspect of this process is beneficial in terms of some stress relieving of the components. There are two forms of subsequent passivation treatment:-

1. Clear Passivation &#; Prevents oxidation of zinc coating in storage, handling, and transit. It also assists in maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the zinc plate.
2. Yellow Chromate Passivation &#; The advantages are similar to those described for clear passivation, with the additional benefit of slightly enhanced corrosion resistance. The only disadvantage is that the &#;gold&#; tint is often of a patchy &#;non-uniform&#; nature and may prove unacceptable if appearance is critical.

Electroless Nickel (Kanigen) Plating

As is the case with mechanical plating processes, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement is avoided with this method of chemically depositing a nickel coating. However, compared with other treatments discussed here, this process is relatively costly, but the high degree of corrosion resistance and smooth &#;satin-like&#; finish often justify the extra expense.

Sheradizing

The sherardizing process again uses zinc, this time in the form of zinc dust mixed with an inert filler which, together with the parts to be coated, is placed in a sealed container. The container is placed in a special furnace and rotated at a temperature which is sufficient to &#;fuse&#; the coating but without risk of affecting the spring properties of the components. Coating thicknesses from 10 micro metres to 50 micro metres are possible, which makes for a wide range of protective coatings.

Delta &#; Tone

This process involves dipping the components in an organic resin and zinc mixture, the surplus is removed by spinning, and the bonding of the coating is completed at oven temperatures which have no effect on the metallurgical or heat treatment properties of the components. Salt-spray corrosion resistance tests on this coating can result in a performance equivalent to that obtained with electroless nickel plating.

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