Questions You Should Know about air cooled condensing units exporter

First, the location should be discussed with the customer. Be sure the customer is in agreement with the placement of the condensing unit. The customer may have a plan for the location different from where the installing contractor decides to place the unit. As retail space becomes more expensive, customers will want to take advantage of all their indoor space and may want the condensing unit located outdoors or in an indoor location that will not interfere with their operation.

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If the condensing unit is to be placed indoors, make sure the location has adequate ventilation. Low-temperature condensing units will require approximately 200 cubic feet per minute (cfm) per 1,000 Btu, and medium-temperature units will require approximately 165 cfm per 1,000 Btu. Always check with the condensing unit manufacturer for ventilation requirements, as they may differ from these approximate values. Another consideration with air-cooled units located indoors is the heat they may add to the space. This additional heat may be objectionable to the equipment owner.

OUTDOOR CONSIDERATIONS

The condensing unit should have a crankcase heater installed. This will help to prevent refrigerant migration during the off-cycle when the condensing unit is exposed to temperatures that are colder than the evaporator. The condensing unit will also need some means of keeping the high side pressure above a minimum value during low outdoor temperatures. This is normally accomplished with either a fan-cycling control or a head-pressure controller.

The method of controlling the case temperature may also need to be modified. The system should use a pumpdown method to control the operation of the condensing unit. A standard air-sensing temperature controller should be used to control the operation of a liquid line solenoid. When the temperature controller is satisfied, it will close the liquid line solenoid, causing the refrigerant to be trapped in the condenser and receiver.

This will cause the low-side pressure to drop. The system's low-pressure control will then shut down the condensing unit as the low side pressure drops to an appropriate value. A defrost timer will also need to be added to the control system to ensure that the evaporator defrosts properly.

The outdoor unit should be covered to protect it from the outdoor environment. If the condensing unit is ordered for an outdoor application, it will normally come with some type of enclosure. When moving an indoor condensing unit to the outdoors, make sure an adequate enclosure is constructed to properly protect the unit.

One last consideration when installing either an indoor or outdoor condensing unit is to make sure the system can be easily serviced. Too often, service technicians encounter systems in which the condensing unit is located in an area where it is extremely difficult to access. Also, make sure there is an electrical disconnect available to shut off the electrical supply when needed.

When choosing refrigeration equipment for a new installation, the equipment is selected to provide the required refrigeration effect to either reduce and/or maintain a product&#;s temperature. This capacity is normally stated in Btuh. The unit cooler (evaporator), compressor, and metering device are all selected based on this Btuh requirement for the selected refrigerant. The only major component not selected based on this Btuh requirement is the condenser.

A condenser must be selected for the system&#;s total of heat rejection (THR), which is the sum of the heat energy absorbed by the evaporator and the additional heat energy added to the refrigerant by the compressor. This additional heat energy is referred to as the heat of compression. The heat of compression varies with the compressor design, so the compressor manufacturer&#;s information should be used whenever possible. If this information is not available, many condenser manufacturers will provide a reference table to determine that value.

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Selecting an air-cooled condenser is not always necessary; many times, a condensing unit is selected for the installation. The condensing unit is selected based on the required Btuh capacity and its condenser is selected by the condensing unit manufacturer. However, systems using a remote air-cooled condenser will need to have the condenser chosen separately.

To begin the selection process, first determine the system&#;s THR by adding in the compressor&#;s heat of compression (obtained from either the compressor manufacturer or a table from the condenser manufacturer). If the condenser will be installed above sea level, a correction factor will need to be applied to the THR. The condenser manufacturer will generally have a table available providing the required correction factors.

Next, calculate the design temperature difference (TD), which is the design condensing temperature minus the design ambient temperature:

Design TD = Condensing temperature - Ambient temperature

Next, for the system&#;s refrigerant type, use the condenser manufacturer&#;s selection chart to choose the condenser based on the THR and at the design temperature difference. Some manufacturers&#; charts may show their condenser&#;s capacity at a 1°F temperature difference. If necessary, you can determine the required TD at 1°F by dividing the THR by the design condenser TD:

THR/°TD = THR ÷ Calculated design condenser TD

If the required THR falls between two condenser capacities on the selection chart, chose the higher of the two. For example, you are selecting a remote air-cooled condenser for a system with a net refrigeration requirement of 225,000 Btuh. The condenser will be installed at sea level, so no factor for altitude correction is required. It is a low temperature system utilizing a R-404A semi-hermetic, suction cooled compressor with a design evaporating temperature of -20°F, an outdoor ambient of 90°F, and design condensing temperature of 110°F. According to the condenser manufacturer&#;s &#;Heat of Compression Factor for Suction Cooled Compressors&#; table, a multiplication factor of 1.55 should be used to determine the THR. Using this factor, the THR will be 348,750 Btuh (225,000 Btuh x 1.55). The design condenser TD will be 20°F (110°F - 90°F). Referencing the condenser manufacturer&#;s selection table for their R-404A condensers, it is possible to select the correct air-cooled condenser for the installation.

Selecting the correct air-cooled condenser for an installation is a vital part of ensuring the system operates properly and at peak efficiency.

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