Aluminium profile types – an overview of the differences - Blog

Author: wenzhang1

May. 06, 2024

Aluminium profile types – an overview of the differences - Blog

Understanding the variations and choosing the right aluminium profiles - discover which type is ideal for your specific project.

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Replacing welds with screws and steel with aluminium was the revolutionary concept of item founders Gerrit Pies and Wolfgang Rixen in 1980. This created the successful item Building Kit System for aluminium profiles. The benefits: reduced weight with maximum stability, quick assembly thanks to innovative fastening technology, cost-effectiveness over steel, and unmatched flexibility. Presently, over 4,500 inter-compatible components are available, with ongoing expansions. Additionally, the anodized aluminium profiles from item feature inclined groove flanks that enhance the security of fasteners through pre-tensioning. This is crucial for machine bases dealing with vibrations. Engineers globally utilize this modular profile technology for varied projects, from simple frames to complex automated production lines.

So, what types of item aluminium profiles exist? What distinguishes them? Which profile serves which purpose best? This article answers these questions for those new to item profiles. Alongside the classic aluminium construction profiles, there are Line X and Profile Tube System D30 tube profiles. Profile KH provides a sustainable, metal-free alternative and serves EMC applications. More details on this special profile are available in an interview on our blog.

Differences at a glance: Aluminium profile types and their primary characteristics

Item's aluminium construction profiles are categorized into five types: Line 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12. These profiles cater to different user requirements based on three geometric characteristics:

  • Modular dimension: Primarily square profiles with external dimensions of 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 mm, featuring continuous grooves along all four sides.
  • Groove dimension: Groove size and load-carrying capacity scale with the modular dimension. Most connections are anchored in the groove, which also supports panel elements.
  • Bore diameter: Provides a stable fastening point at the profile's end faces, and can be utilized for thread tapping.

The profiles also come in Standard, Light, and Economy versions. Standard stands for robustness, Light signifies reduced weight, and Economy highlights material optimization, with a reduced tensile load in the latter two. Not all profiles are available in every version. Descriptions in the item Online Shop follow a pattern like "Profile 8 40×40 1N light, natural."

Compact aluminium profiles for precision work – Line 5

Line 5 aluminium profiles with a modular dimension of 20 mm are perfect for weight-optimized constructions. Their small exterior dimensions make them ideal for compact jigs, covers, and handling equipment, saving space and conserving resources. Line 5 profiles are available with open or closed grooves, the latter preventing dirt accumulation.

The lightweight alternative: Line 6 aluminium profiles

Line 6 profiles, with a modular dimension of 30 mm, are used for various weight-optimized constructions. They allow the use of materials tailored to specific tasks, offering a slim, robust design. Profiles with closed grooves are easier to clean and aesthetically pleasing, ideal for display cases, tables, and cover hoods.

Universal and robust all-rounder: Line 8

Line 8 profiles, with a modular dimension of 40 mm, are the most widely used across the globe. Their versatility makes them suitable for machines and systems of all sizes. Light, robust, and long-lasting, these profiles are available with open or closed grooves, and are particularly easy to clean.

Increased load-carrying capacity for robust constructions: Line 10

Line 10 profiles, with a modular dimension of 50 mm, are used for load-bearing constructions. The 10 mm groove width accommodates M10 thread accessories, supporting high load capacities of up to 7000 N. Different cross-sections are available, and end faces and grooved sides can be capped for finishing.

The robust option for load-carrying applications: Line 12 aluminium profiles

Line 12 profiles, with a modular dimension of 60 mm, are designed for heavy-duty frame structures. This profile line supports tensile loads up to 10,000 N per screw connection. Profiles with lower stress areas can use the light version of Line 12.

Optimized form for elegance and cleanliness: Line X

Constructions with Line X combine elegance and cleanliness, thanks to minimized edge radii that create seamless and easy-to-clean connections. These profiles are ideal for environments requiring high cleanliness. Line X profiles come with open or closed grooves, the latter being apt for cleanroom production.

Profile tubes for lean factory equipment: Profile Tube System D30

Besides construction profiles, profile tubes are another sought-after type of aluminium profile. The Profile Tube System D30 is tailored for the efficient and solutions-focused factory equipment engineering typical of lean production. These tubes are easily cut to length and connected with fasteners, with the ability to connect up to four fasteners at one intersection point.

A special geometry is what makes the aluminium profile tubes so efficient. Four slimline, undercut flanks are enveloped by Fastener D30. Depending on the direction, the fastener is mechanically locked, but its connection is friction-based in the main load direction.

This distinctive geometry enhances the performance of aluminium profile tubes. One operator with a single tool can make all connections. The Profile Tubes D30 come in five colors for easy identification and have silk-matt powder-coating for abrasion resistance. Anodized and black powder-coated versions are ESD-safe, available in standard lengths or custom cut to size.

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Why are Aluminium Angle Profiles Important?

Aluminium angle, or aluminium L-shaped profile, has gained prominence in various industries and applications due to its unique physical properties. This article explores the significance of aluminium angles as versatile structural components and their contributions to modern construction, engineering, and manufacturing processes.

Benefits of Aluminium Angle Profiles

Strength and Durability:

  • Aluminium angles offer exceptional strength-to-weight ratios, making them valuable structural components.
  • Aluminium Angle Profiles have impressive load-bearing capabilities and resist deformation even under stress.
  • Frequently used as aluminium profile angle brackets.
  • The durability of aluminium angles ensures long-term performance and reliability across various applications.
  • This durability is why angle brackets for aluminium profiles are used to join parts.

Corrosion Resistance:

  • One of the main advantages is its excellent resistance to corrosion.
  • Unlike iron or steel, aluminium doesn't rust when exposed to moisture or atmospheric conditions.
  • This makes aluminium angles ideal for outdoor applications like aluminium window profiles in harsh environments like coastal areas.

Lightweight and Cost-Effective:

  • Aluminium extrusion profiles provide a lightweight alternative to traditional materials like steel.
  • The lightweight nature of aluminium extrusion profiles simplifies handling and installation, reducing transportation costs and overall structural weight.
  • The low density of aluminium angles contributes to energy efficiency, decreasing fuel consumption and environmental impact.

Versatility and Flexibility:

  • Aluminium angles come in various sizes, thicknesses, and profiles, offering design and construction versatility. They can be fabricated, cut, and shaped to meet project-specific needs.
  • Their flexibility allows for customized solutions, enhancing design possibilities without compromising structural integrity.

Thermal Conductivity:

  • Aluminium's excellent thermal conductivity enhances its utility across applications. Aluminium angles efficiently dissipate heat, making them ideal for heat transfer components, heat sinks, or framing structures requiring temperature control.
  • This property improves energy efficiency, heat management, and system performance.

Aesthetic Appeal:

  • Besides functional advantages, aluminium angles offer aesthetic benefits. Their sleek, modern appearance adds an appealing touch to architectural applications.
  • Surface finishes like anodized or powder-coated options provide design flexibility, allowing aluminium angles to seamlessly integrate into any project. This is why angle profiles are common in aluminium window profiles and aluminium glazing profiles.

Points of Difference between Stainless Steel Angles and Aluminium Angles

While both steel and aluminium angles are used in diverse industries and construction projects for their structural versatility, their differences make them suitable for different applications. Understanding these differences is essential for selecting the right material for a specific project.

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Stainless Steel Angles Vs. Aluminium Angles: A Comparison

Strength and Rigidity

One key difference between steel and aluminium angles is their strength and rigidity. Steel, primarily composed of iron and carbon, offers exceptional structural support, making it suitable for heavy loads in building and bridge construction. Aluminium angles, though less rigid and with a lower strength-to-weight ratio, offer advantages like lightweight properties and excellent corrosion resistance ideal for aluminium window profiles, light structures, and transportation components.

Weight and Density

Aluminium's lightweight nature makes it easier to handle, transport, and install compared to steel angles, reducing material costs in construction projects. On the other hand, steel angles are heavier and denser, providing benefits like vibration absorption but limiting use where weight is critical, such as in aerospace and automotive industries.

Corrosion Resistance

Aluminium naturally resists corrosion due to its oxide layer, making it suitable for high-humidity or marine environments. Steel angles, vulnerable to rust, require coatings or galvanization for added protection, making them suitable for heavy construction where strength is paramount.

Common Grades of Aluminium Profiles in the UK:

The majority of UK orders for Aluminium Angle or common profile types are in grades 6063T6 and 6082T6.

6063T6 – Aluminium Angle

Medium-strength Aluminium Alloy 6063 is often used architecturally. It is suitable for anodizing, weldable, and has a good surface finish, making it ideal for smaller or thinner profiles.

Common uses of 6063T6:

Shop fittings, Glazing Profiles, Architectural applications, Window frames

Properties of 6063T6:

  • Proof Stress: 170 Min MPa
  • Tensile Strength: 215 Min MPa
  • Shear Strength: 150 MPa
  • Elongation: 8 Min %
  • Density: 2.70 g/cm³
  • Melting Point: 655 °C
  • Thermal Expansion: 23.5 x10^-6 /K
  • Modulus of Elasticity: 69.5 GPa
  • Thermal Conductivity: 201 W/m.K
  • Electrical Resistivity: 0.033 x10^-6 Ω.m
  • Machinability: Good
  • Workability - Cold: Average
  • Weldability - Gas: Good
  • Weldability - Arc: Very good
  • Weldability - Resistance: Good
  • Brazeability: Very good

6082T6 – Aluminium Angle

Aluminium Alloy 6082, known as a structural alloy, is chosen for larger and thicker profiles due to its higher tensile strength and good machining properties. Although its surface isn’t as smooth as 6063T6, it is still suitable for many uses.

Common uses of 6082T6:

Transport sections, Trusses, Bridges, Highly stressed components

Properties of 6082T6:

  • Proof Stress: 170 Min MPa
  • Tensile Strength: 260 MPa
  • Shear Strength: 220 MPa
  • Elongation: 0.19
  • Density: 2.70 g/cm³
  • Melting Point: 555 °C
  • Thermal Expansion: 24 x10^-6 /K
  • Modulus of Elasticity: 70 GPa
  • Thermal Conductivity: 180 W/m.K
  • Electrical Resistivity: 0.038 x10^-6 Ω.m
  • Machinability: Good
  • Workability - Cold: Good
  • Weldability - Gas: Good
  • Weldability - Arc: Good
  • Weldability - Resistance: Good
  • Brazeability: Good

Aluminium Angle Material Characteristics and Types

Aluminium's robustness makes it ideal for angles. It offers outstanding weldability, moderate forming and bending capability, mild machining and grinding capability, and moderate corrosion and wear resistance.

Ross Goodwin

Ross Goodwin is the Managing Director at Aluminium Warehouse, a leading online metal products supplier in the UK. He became Managing Director in 2007 after serving as Financial Director. Ross has extensive knowledge of the metal industry and specializes in online selling, growth strategies, and marketing. He holds a B.A. in Business Administration & Economics from Leeds University. When not working, Ross enjoys traveling, cycling, and open water swimming, and is preparing for his first triathlon.

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